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Business Law Legal Terminology - Government Regulations
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Protection of Intellectual Property
[ Additional Notes on Patents ]
[ Additional Notes on Trademarks ]
[ SBA Notes on Patents, Copyright and Trademarks ]
Copyright - Exclusive right to original works of authorship including literary, musical, dramatic, pictorial, graphic, and audiovisual works.
Infringement - Unauthorized use.
Material - Of substantial importance.
Misappropriation - Wrongful use.
Patent - Exclusive right to an invention.
Trademark - Distinctive insignia, word, or design on goods that is used to identify the manufacturer.
Trade secret - Private business information that is protected by law.
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Antitrust
Boycott - Agreement among parties not to deal with a third party.
Conglomerate merger - The acquisition by one company of another that is neither a horizontal nor a vertical merger.
Horizontal arrangements - Agreements among competitors.
Horizontal merger - Acquisition by one company of a competing company.
Illegal per se - Conclusively presumed unreasonable and therefore illegal.
Market allocation - Division of market by customers, geographic location, or products.
Monopoly - Ability to control prices or exclude others from the marketplace.
Price discrimination - Charging difference prices to different customers.
Price fixing - An agreement among competitors for the purpose of raising, depressing or freezing prices.
Rule of reason - A rule that balances the anticompetitive effects against procompetitive effects of the restraint.
Tying contract - Conditioning the sale of a desired product on the purchase of a second product.
Vertical arrangements - Agreements among parties at different levels of the distribution chain.
Vertical merger - Acquisition by a company of one of its suppliers or customers.
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Consumer Protection
Affirmative disclosure - Requirement that an advertiser include certain information in its advertisement so that it is not deceptive.
Closed-ended credit - Credit extended to debtor for a specific period of time.
Consumer product - Tangible personal property normally used for family, household, or personal purpose.
Corrective advertising - Disclosure in an advertisement that previous ads were deceptive.
Full warranty - Warrantor will repair the product and if unsuccessful will replace or refund. Note: Warrantor cannot disclaim or limit any implied warranty.
Limited warranty - Implied warranties may be limited to a reasonable duration.
Multiple product order - Requires that the advertiser stop using deceptive statements on all of multiple products that it sells.
Open-ended credit - Debtor has right to enter into a series of credit transactions.
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Employment Law
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